Much to my surprise, there’s an extensive iBrattleboro post on pharmacy fishing.
Someone sent the following question to the state police:
“Would you please check the veracity of the allegation that the State Police have the right to force pharmacies to release their entire class 2 prescription histories, or, exactly what it was they were doing as referred to in the very recent post here on ibratt. Also, does the Brattleboro police dept have that power? If so, has it exercised it?”
Excerpts from the Brattleboro police department’s response after the fold.
I’m not going to comment on this much for now. I’ll think about whether or not I have anything to add. Instead, I’m just going to put together what I think is a fair excerpt and discuss it more when I have time. I did not edit much, because I think it’s important to keep this in its full context.
I… can not comment on what the Vermont State Police do and do not request from pharmacies or medical care providers. However, I will certainly write about the law you mention as well as what the Brattleboro Police do. We are not lawyers here but we do regularly interpret laws to guide our behavior…
The VT law that governs the above issue is Title 18, Chapter 84A – Vermont Prescription Monitoring System (VPMS). The legislative intent of this law is explicitly written into the law… that intent specifically states:
“…to promote the public health through enhanced opportunities for treatment for and prevention of abuse of controlled substances, without interfering with the legal medical use of those substances.”
It is worth noting that law enforcement, prosecution, and similar words do not appear anywhere in the description of the legislature’s intent in passing this law.
Chapter 84A goes on to specifically address the role of law enforcement in its application. First, the only law enforcement officers able to work within it are “Trained law enforcement officer(s).” This is defined in the law as:
“… any officer designated by the department of public safety who has completed a training program established by rule by the department of health, which is designed to ensure that officers have the training necessary to use responsibly and properly any information that they receive from VPMS.”
Again, back to the intent of this law. Our representatives obviously want to make sure the police use the information properly.
…The law allows state licensing authorities to gather prescription information as part of licensing and monitoring health care workers. The law allows these licensing bodies to tell “trained law enforcement officers” if they suspect fraudulent or illegal activity by a health care provider. This section of the law (4282) states nothing about suspected criminal activity by patients.
According to section “e” of 4282, trained law enforcement officers are expressly forbidden from having access to VPMS except for the specific information provided to the officer by the licensing authority, as described above.
All of the above makes it pretty clear that the legislature wants to address public health concerns, but does not want the cops pawing through people’s medical records. However, it is important to note one final mention of police access to prescription records in this law… I think this is where the controversy you mention comes up.
There is an advisory committee set up under this law to help coordinate the efforts that it authorizes… this committee is allowed to determine under what circumstances, if any, the health department can give VPMS data to law enforcement. This would be set up as an administrative rule and seems to be the main concern of most people on this issue. I do not know the status of this committee and whether or not they have made a rule granting the police blanket access to pharmacy records. I can tell you that we (BPD) have not been told by anyone that we now have access to such information.
Now on to the Brattleboro Police. We do not make requests of the health department or pharmacies for VPMS information. However, we do aggressively investigate prescription drug crimes, to include fraudulent attempts to get or distribute pills. When these crimes are investigated it is necessary to access, to some extent, people’s medical records.
When a crime like this is committed, there are many investigative tools available to access medical records. Search warrants, subpoenas, and other methods of accessing information are allowed under VT law Title 18 (Health). These are used on a regular basis to investigate individuals for criminal offenses related to prescription drugs. The Brattleboro Police Department certainly does utilize all of these investigative tools to conduct investigations.
The difference between the actions in the above paragraph and accessing VPMS is what the police might be looking at. VPMS is a database of information on many people. It is maintained by the department of health for purposes that satisfy their mission of maintaining public health. If they become aware of a criminal act they may refer it to the police. The process in the paragraph above this one is different than that. It is designed to give police information on a particular crime and on a particular person who may be committing drug crimes.
To address your final question, The Brattleboro Police Department has not made any requests of pharmacies or the department of health to mine all of their prescription drug data. Requests for information on a particular person, for a particular period, suspected of a particular crime, has occurred and continues to occur.
So, what do you think?